вЂњItвЂ™s hard to know if what youвЂ™re doing is actually working,вЂќ he said. Vijay DвЂ™Souza, director of information technology and cybersecurity at the GAO, said the lack of data made it difficult for agencies to determine if the steps theyвЂ™d taken to promote the framework were successful. And in a follow-up report in 2018, the GAO found none of the federal agencies had successfully developed a method to measure the level and type of industry adoption of the NIST framework. The agencies, in coordination with the secretary of Homeland Security, were to establish programs to support the adoption of the NIST framework in each sector.ДЄ 2015 GAO report found federal agencies had effectively promoted the framework in their sectors, but that the Department of Homeland Security struggled to measure how effective its efforts to support federal agencies had been in promoting the framework in their sectors. A concurrent presidential directive identified 16 critical infrastructure sectors and gave nine federal agencies oversight. Related: What if it was the Marvel Cybersecurity Universe?ДЄnd see: House Democrats roll out $760 billion plan for infrastructureДЇormer President Barack Obama issued an executive order in 2013 telling the National Institute of Standards and Technology to develop an adaptable framework of standards and practices addressing the risk of cyberattack on critical infrastructure - essentially any industry or public works that, if incapacitated or destroyed, could cripple the U.S.

вЂњThe extent to which the 16 critical infrastructure sectors are better protecting their critical infrastructures from threats will be largely unknown,вЂќ the report concluded.

had failed to effectively monitor the implementation of a voluntary cybersecurity framework established under the Obama administration, said the Government Accountability Office report issued last week. All but two of the federal agencies tasked with overseeing cybersecurity across the nationвЂ™s critical infrastructure - including health care

Sector clear not clear not clear